N.C.E.R.T. Simplified

 

1. Article 1 (Defines India in terms of territory) 2. Article 2 (Enables admission/creation of new states into India) 3. Article 3 (Formation of new states and alteration of names, boundaries, and areas of existing states) 4. 1st Schedule (Lists States and UTs and their extents) 5. Article 368 (Constitutional amendments) 6. 9th Constitutional Amendment Act (1960) (Transfer of Indian territory to foreign powers) Q. Is constitutional amendment required for ceding Indian territory to a foreign power?  What about settlement of boundary disputes? A. Yes . Constitutional amendment is required. Refer Berubari Union  case, wherein SC held that the power of Parliament to diminish area of a state, under Article 3, does NOT cover cession of Indian territory to a foreign power. This SC ruling along with the consequent 9th Amendment Act (1960) requires constitutional amendment under Article 368.  HOWEVER,   SC also ruled, in 1969,   that settlement of boundary dispu...

  J&K Reorganisation Act 2019    • J&K state has been divided into 2 UTs: J&K and Laddakh in August 2019.   • Article 370 was scrapped   • Act is being legally challenged in SC     J&K Delimitation Exercise    • Being executed by J&K Delimitation Commission:           • Headed by former SC judge Ranjana Prakash Desai           • Ex-officio members are                     1. Election commissioner Sushil Chandra                     2. J&K state election commissioner K.K. Sharma           • Parliamentarians who are associate members:                     1. Farooq Abdullah (NC)                   ...

Q. What did the people at the roadside stand plead for? Why? A. The villagers running the roadside stand plead to the passerby from cities to stop for a moment, and buy the goods which are sold at the roadside stands. The villagers are fed up of their pathetic lifestyles and cash crunched stuation. Hence they plead to the city dwellers to buy some of their goods so that the villagers can improve their standards of living. Q. What do greedy good doers do for the village people? What is the consequence for their help? A.  The “greedy good  doers” i.e. the crooked politicians, who run the government,  meet all promises to the village folk. They assure them of a comfortable lifestyle and cunningly instill a fake sense of relief in the minds of the poor villagers.  This is the only good that they do for the village people. The politicians do so much “good” only to lure the rural population into voting for them. By doing so, the politicians mislead the vil...

Q. What are the contrasting images that Kamala Das has presented in the poem? A.  The first contrast in the poem is when there is sadness, depression and anxiety inside the car while there is cheerfulness and happiness outside the car. The second contrast is that the children Kamala sees, were playing merrily, with a sureity that the'll return home to their parent's protection. Kamala, on the other hand, is anxious whether she'll see her mother again. The third contrast is shown at the airport. Kamla's facial expression and her feelings present this contrast. On the outside she smiles and seems happy and excited bt inside she is anxious, sad and in a dillema.  Q.What does 'Trees Sprinting' and ' Merry children spilling out of their homes' symbolise? A.  The  'Trees Sprinting' and ' Merry children spilling out of their homes' symbolises youth and vigour. Q. What 'familiar aches' does the poet talk about? A. The 'fa...

Q RTC "More Gringoire indeed!Mere Gringoire! What the old watch who lives at the top of the hill, and who says she is bedridden because she is too lazy to do any work? And what did Mere Gringoire want with the money?" i) Identify the speaker. Why is she in a foul mood? A. Persome is the speaker. She is in a foul mood because her brother, the Bishop has sold a salt cellar to help Mere Gringoire. ii) What light do the above lines reflect on the character of the speaker? A. Persome was quite insensitive towards the poor. She had a more practical approach to things, unlike her brother, the Bishop. iii) Why does the speaker call Mere Gringoire an 'old witch'? A. Persome out of rage, calls Mere Gringoire an old witch because she thinks that the old lady pretends to be bedridden but, actually is very lazy to do any work. Q. What effect did the inhuman treatment in the jail have on the convict? A. The inhuman treatment in jail converted ...

Q. RTC " While you were upstairs, I have been thinking a lot about your papa and mamma. You see I am really unselfish and then the rooms for your sister's children." i) How has the speaker's attitude changed in these lines? A.i)  The speaker Gaston, is pretending to be very caring towards and fond of his in-laws. His attitude here is very selfless, concerned and gentle towards his in-laws. ii) What is the reason behind this change? A.ii)  Gaston has changed his behaviour as he has sealed the deal with Mrs. Al Smith to sell her the house for three hundred thousand. But for the deal to come true, Gaston must first buy the house to sell it. Thus he changes his attitude to persuade his wife and buy the villa. iii) What does the above statement reveal about the person's character? A.iii)  The above statement reveals that Gaston is a shrewd, double-faced and business minded person. He can change colours whenever he needs to. Q. Why did Juliette put up the...

Ch. 5 The Fundamental Unit of Life Ch. 6 Tissues Ch. 15 Improvement in Food Resources

Q. List 2 demerits of the continuous use of fertilisers. A. 1. It can destroy the soil fertility because the organic matter in the soil is not replenished.       2. The microorganisms in the soil are harmed. Q. How do insects and pests damage crops? A. Generally, insect pests attack the plants in 3 ways-     1. They cut the root, stem, and leaves.     2. They suck the cell sap from various parts of the plant.     3. They bore into the stem and fruits. They thus affect the health of the crop and reduce yields. Q. How can insects pests in a crop plants and stored grains be controlled? A. They can be controlled by-     1. By using pesticides ( herbicides and insecticides). These are sprayed on crop plants or used for treating soil and seeds.     2. By using resistant varieties of crops     3. By summer ploughing in which fields are ploughed deep in summer...

Q. RTC "I wish I'd been that much more willin' When I had more tooth there than fillin' To pass up gobstoppers. From respect to me choppers, And to buy something else with me shillin'." a) ' I wish I'd been that much more willin' ' What does this line tell us about the poetess. a)  This line tells that the poetess now regrets not taking appropriate care of her teeth. b) What the poetess should not have bought with the shillings to avoid cavities? b) The poetess should not have bought candies, gobstoppers and other sweet food which she relished but was harmful to her teeth. c) What is the tone of the poetess in the poem? c)  The tone of the poetess is that of regret and repentance. Q. Imagine you are the poet. The day you visit the dentist for the first time, you write a letter to your best friend. Express the dilemma of guilt that you experience. A. 21-B, Baker's Street London 23 July 1989 Dear Robert         ...

Q. Make comparison between functions of tissues in plants and animals ? A. PLANT TISSUES ANIMAL TISSUES Dead supportive tissues are more abundant as compared to living tissues. Living tissues are more common as compared to dead tissues. They require less maintenance. They require more maintenance. Due to activity of meristematic tissue plants grow throughout life. Do not show growth after reaching maturity. Tissue organisation is meant for stationary habit for plants. Tissue organisation is targeted towards high mobility of animals Growth is limited to certain regions. There is uniform growth. Based on their dividing capacity plant tissues are classified into meristematic or permanent. There is no demarcation of dividing tissues in animals. Q. What are the different types of meristematic tissues? Where are the located in a plant and how do they bring about growth in pl...