Ch. 1 Resources and Develoment

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Q. Explain the importance of Conservation of resources. Mention any three measures of conservation.
A. Resources are vital for any developmental activity. But irrational consumption and over-utilisation of resources may lead to socio-economic and environmental problems. To overcome these problems, resource conservation at various levels is important. Three measures of conservation:

(i) identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.

(ii) Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.

(iii) Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.


 Q. What is resource planning? Why is it necessary? Give any two reasons.
A. Resource planning is a widely accepted strategy for judicious use of resources which involves:
(i) identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.

(ii) Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.

(iii) Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.

Two reasons for resource planning are:

・There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources.

・There are some regions which can be considered self sufficient in terms of the availability of resources and there are some regions which have acute shortage of some vital
resources.


 Q. Which soil is called regur soil? What is its importance? What are its special features?
A. Black soil is called regur soil. Black soil is perfect for growing cotton. Special features of Black soil are:

 ・Black soils are made up of extremely fine clayey material  and thus is known for its capacity to hold moisture.

 ・These soils are rich in soil nutrients like calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.

 ・These develops cracks during hot weather which helps in proper aeration of soil.

 Q. Classify resources on the basis of ownership. Mention the main features of each.
A. ・ Individual Resources: These are also owned privately by individuals. Eg. Houses and Plots owned by urban people.

・Community Owned Resources: There are resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. Eg. Grazing Grounds

・National Resources: These are the resources belong to the nation. All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast termed as territorial water and resources therein belong to the nation.

・Inter national Resources: There are international institutions which regulate some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the concurrence of international institutions.


Q. Differentiate between:

 a) Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
Renewable
Non-Renewable Resources
They can be renewed or reproduced
They occur over a very long geological time.
They can be used over the years again and again
They get exhausted once used and can’t be used again
They are abundantly available.
Eg Solar and Wind Energy
They are available in limited quantity.
Eg Fossil Fuels

b) Bhangar and Khadar
Bhangar
Khadar
It is the old alluvial soil
It is the new alluvial soil
It is less fertile
It is more fertile
It is found farther away from rivers
It is found near the banks of the rivers
It has kankar nodules in it
It has fine particles

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