N.C.E.R.T. Simplified

Q. What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example. [N.C.E.R.T.] A. ・Federalism is a system of governance in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. A federation has at least 2 levels of government. One is for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The other governments are at the provincial/state level that look after much of the day to day administration of their state. Both these governments enjoy their power independent of the other. e.g. India, Belgium etc. ・Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can pass on orders to the provincial or local governments. In the federal system, the central government can't order the state government to do something. The state government has powers o...

Q. Who were the gomasthas ? A.  The gomasthas  were the paid servants appointed by the East India Company to supervise weavers, collect supplies and examine the quality of cloth. Q. What do you mean by proto-industrialisation? A. Before factories began to dot the landscape in England and Europe, there was a large scale industrial production for an international market which was not based on factories. This phase of industrialisation is known as  proto-industrialisation. Q. What were the trade guilds? A.  Trade guilds were the associations of producers that trained craftspeople, maintained control over production, regulated competition and prices, and restricted the entry of new people into the trade. Q. Who is a stapler? A.  A stapler is a person who 'staples' or sorts the wool according to its fibre. Q. Which city in England was known as the finishing centre for textile?  A.  London came to be known as the finishing centre for t...